When Did the Papacy Begin? (Response to Joe Heschmeyer)
Gavin Ortlund
19.20
29 October 2025
25 November 2025
Gavin Ortlund responds to Joe Heschmeyer’s accusation that he altered the Didache, exploring early church government and the origins of the Papacy.
Truth Unites (https://truthunites.org) exists to promote gospel assurance through theological depth.
Gavin Ortlund (PhD, Fuller Theological Seminary) is President of Truth Unites, Visiting Professor of Historical Theology at Phoenix Seminary, and Theologian-in-Residence at Immanuel Nashville.
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00:00 - Introduction
01:01 - Joe's Accusation
02:12 - Examining the Didache
13:02 - Joe's Misrepresentation
15:31 - The Papacy Is an Accretion
