The Metaphysics and Theology of the Eucharist, third day, 1.

RICHARD CROSS (Notre Dame, USA)
Scotus on Inherence and the Eucharist

In order to deal with the problem of separated accidents, medieval theologians in the period between Aquinas and Scotus increasingly reified accidents. This paper examines some of these developments, with particular focus on their treatment in Scotus. The paper also draws attention to an array of philosophical moves consequent on this reification: the postulation of real relations, and the postulation of items (such as modes or formalities) to play the role previously performed by non-reified Aristotelian accidents of the kind we find in Aquinas.

CALVIN NORMORE (UCLA, USA)
Substantiation: Trans and Con

At the core of later medieval accounts of the Eucharist is substantiation, the 'becoming' a particular substance by something which was not that substance. Most theorists recognized at least three species of substantiation: generation, creation and assumption (as in the Incarnation). This paper examines (briefly) the accounts of substantiation in the Eucharistic theories of William Ockham and John Wyclif with an eye to determining what they took transubstantiation to be and whether it was a distinct fourth species.

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